Only a fraction of the laser power is absorbed; the rest is reflected.
Determines how fast heat "spreads" relative to the melting point. The Theory of Laser Materials Processing: Heat ...
Highly dependent on wavelength, surface roughness, and temperature. Only a fraction of the laser power is
Used to predict the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) size. 🌊 Phase Changes and Fluid Dynamics the material changes state.
At high intensities, ionized gas can block the beam from reaching the target. 🔥 Heat Conduction and Temperature Distribution
Should I include (like the Rosenthal Equation)?
When the energy exceeds the latent heat of fusion or vaporization, the material changes state.