In aerospace engineering, the design of an airframe is a two-stage process: determining the and establishing the structural layout and sizing of primary members. This process ensures the aircraft can withstand various stresses while remaining as lightweight as possible for aerodynamic efficiency. Aircraft Loading Actions
: These include maneuver loads (e.g., pull-ups or turns), gust loads from atmospheric turbulence, and loads from control surface deflections. Aircraft Loading and Structural Layout (Aerospa...
: Caused by acceleration or rotation of the aircraft's mass. In aerospace engineering, the design of an airframe
: Includes engine thrust, torque, gyroscopic moments, and vibrations. Structural Layout and Components In aerospace engineering
: Encountered during taxiing, landing, towing, and braking. Landing typically generates significant vertical load factors and shock loads on the gear.